J Food Bioact

Journal of Food Bioactives, ISSN 2637-8752 print, 2637-8779 online

Journal website www.isnff-jfb.com

Original Research

Volume 24, December 2023, pages 46-54

Effects of ultra-fine micronization on the structure, rheological and functional properties of dietary fiber from Laminaria japonica

Figure 1. The putative schematic diagram of structure, rheological and functional properties of dietary fiber from L. japonica.

Figure 2. Particle size distribution of L. japonica DF before and after ultra-fine grinding. (a) IDF before ultra-fine grinding; (b) IDF after ultra-fine grinding; (c) SDF before ultra-fine grinding; (d) SDF after ultra-fine grinding; (e) TDF before ultra-fine grinding; (f) TDF after ultra-fine grinding).

Figure 3. FT-IR spectrum of IDF after ultra-fine grinding in the range of 4,000–500 cm⁻¹.

**Table 1.** Effect of ultra-fine grinding on the yield of *L. japonica* DF*
Treatments	TDF (%)	IDF (%)	SDF (%)	IDF:SDF
*Results were expressed as means ± standard deviation (n = 3). Values in the same column with different letters are significantly different at p < 0.05.
Regular grinding	1.35 ± 0.03^a	0.81 ± 0.05^b	0.60 ± 0.02^a	1.37
Ultra-fine grinding	1.89 ± 0.01^b	1.17 ± 0.04^a	0.70 ± 0.04^b	1.70

Table 1. Effect of ultra-fine grinding on the yield of L. japonica DF*

Treatments

TDF (%)

IDF (%)

SDF (%)

IDF:SDF

*Results were expressed as means ± standard deviation (n = 3). Values in the same column with different letters are significantly different at p < 0.05.

Regular grinding

1.35 ± 0.03^a

0.81 ± 0.05^b

0.60 ± 0.02^a

1.37

Ultra-fine grinding

1.89 ± 0.01^b

1.17 ± 0.04^a

0.70 ± 0.04^b

1.70

**Table 2.** Effect of ultra-fine grinding on particle size in *L. japonica* DF*
Treatments	TDF (μm)	IDF (μm)	SDF (μm)
*Results were expressed as means ± standard deviation (n = 3). Values in the same column with different letters are significantly (p < 0.05) different.
Regular grinding	254.02 ± 3.20^b	277.29 ± 2.43^b	231.84 ± 2.21^b
Ultra-fine grinding	92.82 ± 0.11^a	108.42 ± 1.98^a	155.93 ± 2.01^a

Table 2. Effect of ultra-fine grinding on particle size in L. japonica DF*

Treatments

TDF (μm)

IDF (μm)

SDF (μm)

*Results were expressed as means ± standard deviation (n = 3). Values in the same column with different letters are significantly (p < 0.05) different.

Regular grinding

254.02 ± 3.20^b

277.29 ± 2.43^b

231.84 ± 2.21^b

Ultra-fine grinding

92.82 ± 0.11^a

108.42 ± 1.98^a

155.93 ± 2.01^a

**Table 3.** Effect of ultra-fine grinding on gel property, viscosity, nitrite ion absorption capacity (NIAC), cation-exchange capacity (CEC), cholesterol absorption capacity (CAC), Pb²⁺, Cu²⁺ and Zn²⁺ in *L. japonica* SDF*
Treatments	Gel property (N·mm)	Viscosity (mPa·s)	NIAC (μg/g)	CEC (mmol/g)	CAC (mg/g)	Pb²⁺ (mg/L)	Cu²⁺ (mg/L)	Zn²⁺ (mg/L)
*Results were expressed as means ± standard deviation (n = 3). Values in the same column with different letters are significantly (p < 0.05) different. NIAC, Nitrite ion absorption capacity; CEC, Cation-exchange capacity; CAC, Cholesterol absorption capacity.
Regular grinding	17.39 ± 0.07	4.65 ± 0.08	943.11 ± 42.57^a	0.26 ± 0.03^a	3.54 ± 0.12^a	166.0 ± 0.24^b	98.1 ± 0.43^a	284.6 ± 0.43^a
Ultra-fine grinding	9.316 ± 0.03	6.89 ± 0.24	1,376.88 ± 36.18^b	0.38 ± 0.02^b	7.34 ± 0.03^b	36.0 ± 0.14^a	44.4 ± 0.32^a	6.0 ± 0.23^a

Table 3. Effect of ultra-fine grinding on gel property, viscosity, nitrite ion absorption capacity (NIAC), cation-exchange capacity (CEC), cholesterol absorption capacity (CAC), Pb²⁺, Cu²⁺ and Zn²⁺ in L. japonica SDF*

Treatments

Gel property (N·mm)

Viscosity (mPa·s)

NIAC (μg/g)

CEC (mmol/g)

CAC (mg/g)

Pb²⁺ (mg/L)

Cu²⁺ (mg/L)

Zn²⁺ (mg/L)

*Results were expressed as means ± standard deviation (n = 3). Values in the same column with different letters are significantly (p < 0.05) different. NIAC, Nitrite ion absorption capacity; CEC, Cation-exchange capacity; CAC, Cholesterol absorption capacity.

Regular grinding

17.39 ± 0.07

4.65 ± 0.08

943.11 ± 42.57^a

0.26 ± 0.03^a

3.54 ± 0.12^a

166.0 ± 0.24^b

98.1 ± 0.43^a

284.6 ± 0.43^a

Ultra-fine grinding

9.316 ± 0.03

6.89 ± 0.24

1,376.88 ± 36.18^b

0.38 ± 0.02^b

7.34 ± 0.03^b

36.0 ± 0.14^a

44.4 ± 0.32^a

6.0 ± 0.23^a