Journal of Food Bioactives, ISSN 2637-8752 print, 2637-8779 online
Journal website www.isnff-jfb.com

Review

Volume 22, June 2023, pages 17-26

Therapeutic potential of nutritional food for a healthy cardiometabolic system—a review of molecular mechanism

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1. Molecular mechanism of dietary consumption and metabolic disorders.
Figure 2.
Figure 2. Mitochondria dysfunction and Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs).
Figure 3.
Figure 3. Relationship between food, metabolic disorder and medicine.

Tables

Table 1. Lipid Oriented Cardiometabolic disorders
 
DiseaseAffected Regions
Coronary heart diseaseDisease of the blood vessels supplying the heart muscle
Cerebrovascular diseaseDisease of the blood vessels supplying the brain
Peripheral arterial diseaseDisease of blood vessels supplying the arms and legs
Deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolismBlood clots in the leg veins, which can dislodge and move to the heart and lungs

 

Table 2. Standard Lipid Profile and Treatment options
 
ProfileTreatment OptionStandard level (mg/dl) - American Heart association
WaistlineExerciseMen > 40 inch Women >35 inch
Blood PressureACE inhibitors, Diuretics>130/85 mmHg
Fasting Blood SugarAcarbose, Metformin>100 mg/dl
Triacylglycerol levelFibrates, Niacin>150 mg/dl
HDL levelFruits, VegetablesMen < 40 mg/dl ,Women < 50 mg/dl
LDL CholesterolsStatinsBelow 100 (Diabetes - below 70)

 

Table 3. Comparison of different dietary parameters for healthy cardiometabolic system
 
S.No.Author citation and Year of PublicationCountryDietStudy TypeStudies BiomarkersMajor finding
1Sofi et al., (2018)ItalyVeg.Randomized, open, cross-over trialObesity, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triacylglycerol, glucose fasting levelsEffective in reducing body weight, body mass index, and fat mass, more effective in reducing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol
2Sofi et al., (2018)ItalyMed.Randomized, open, cross-over trialObesity, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triacylglycerol, glucose fasting levelsEffective in reducing body weight, body mass index, and fat mass, more effective in reducing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol
3Mårtensson et al., (2021)SwedenPaleoRandomized, cross-over, dietary interventionBody weight, waist circumference, systolic blood pressureBeneficial effects on fat mass, body weight, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure and triacylglycerol.
4Charlot and Zoll, (2022)FranceKeto.Systematic Reviews and Meta-AnalysesObesity and MetSImproves weight loss, glucose metabolism, dyslipidemia, and steatohepatitis