| Journal of Food Bioactives, ISSN 2637-8752 print, 2637-8779 online |
| Journal website www.isnff-jfb.com |
Perspective
Volume 11, September 2020, pages 2-10
Do natural antioxidants play a role in Alzheimer’s disease?
Table
| Natural antioxidants | Foods rich in natural antioxidant | Efficacy in AD models | Efficacy in clinical trials | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Future perspectives: Large-scale clinical trials with long-term exposure to antioxidant-rich diets or (combinations of) natural antioxidants with high bioavailability are required to assess preventive and therapeutic efficacy in AD. | ||||
| Vitamin C | Citrus fruits, cabbage, rosehip | Decrease in oxidative damage (Monacelli et al., 2017) | No evidence of neuroprotective efficacy (Monacelli et al., 2017) | High dietary intake of vitamins C and E associated with reduced AD prevalence; high-dose vitamin E supplementation associated with increased morbidity and mortality |
| Vitamin E | Oils | Decrease in oxidative damage (Gugliandolo et al., 2017) | Not available | |
| Epigallocatechin-3-gallate | Green tea | Decrease in Aβ deposition and cognitive impairment (Rezai-Zadeh et al., 2008) | Not available | |
| Ferulic acid | Fruits, vegetables | Decrease in AD-like pathology (Mori et al., 2013) | Not available | |
| Tannic acid | Grapes, tea | Decrease in AD-like pathology (Mori et al., 2012) | Not available | |
| Resveratrol | Grapes, berries, grains | Decrease in amyloid deposition and improved memory functions (Lange and Li, 2018) | No evidence of neuroprotective or therapeutic effects in mild to moderate AD (Köbe et al., 2017; Turner et al., 2015) | Clinical efficacy limited due to poor bioavailability |
| Pterostilbene | Blueberries | Decrease in Aβ- induced neurotoxicity and improved cognitive functions (Lange and Li, 2018) | Not available | Higher in vivo bioavailablity and possibly better therapeutic potential than resveratrol |
| Curcumin | Turmeric | Inhibition of Aβ- aggregation (Mendonça da Costa et al., 2019) | No benefits in clinical trials (Goozee et al., 2016) | Unlikely therapeutic potential due to very poor pharmacokinetics and -dynamics; possible toxic effects |