Journal of Food Bioactives, ISSN 2637-8752 print, 2637-8779 online
Journal website www.isnff-jfb.com

Review

Volume 2, Number , June 2018, pages 37-50

Edible brown seaweeds: a review

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.

Common applications of seaweeds.

Figure 2.
Figure 2.

Chemical structure of fucoxanthin.

Figure 3.
Figure 3.

Bioactive phlorotannins isolated from brown seaweeds.

Figure 4.
Figure 4.

The chemical structure of alginic acids present in brown seaweeds.

Figure 5.
Figure 5.

Structural motifs of fucoidans present in brown seaweeds.

Figure 6.
Figure 6.

Chemical structure of laminarin presents in brown seaweeds.

Figure 7.
Figure 7.

Chemical structure of two major sterol present in seaweeds.

Tables

Table 1. Antioxidant properties reported from edible Korean brown seaweeds
 
SeaweedActive compound/fractionEffectReference
H. fusiformisWater extractDPPH radical scavengingSiriwardhana et al., 2003
Crude phenolicDPPH radical scavengingTong et al., 2014
70% Ethanolic extractDPPH radical scavengingLee and Kang, 2015
70% Ethanolic extractProtective effect against radiation-induced damage in splenocytesKim et al., 2015
PolysaccharidesProtection against CCL4 induced liver damage in BALB/c mouseWu et al., 2013
Lectin (65 kDa)DPPH radical and hydroxyl radical scavengingWu et al., 2016
L. japonicaLow molecular weight PolysaccharidesSuperoxide radical scavenging propertiesZha et al., 2016
Crude polysaccharideoxygen radical absorbance capacity and ABTS radical scavengingCui et al., 2016
Crude polysaccharidesoxygen radical absorbance capacity and ABTS radical scavengingYao et al., 2017
FucoidanDPPH radical and hydroxyl radical scavengingZhao et al., 2018
E. cavaPhlorotanninsDPPH and hydroxyl radical scavengingCha et al., 2012
FucoidanProtective effect against hydrogen peroxide-induced cytotoxicity in PC-12 and MC-IXC neuronal cellsPark et al., 2018
S. fulvellumSulphated polysaccharidesDPPH radical scavengingChoi et al., 2007a
U. pinnatifidaCrude phenolic extractsDPPH radical scavengingKim, 2010
Ethanolic extractHypoxia/reoxygenation-induced oxidative stress inhibition in neuronal cellsMohibbullah et al., 2015
Crude phenolicDPPH radical scavenging activityTong et al., 2014
FucoidanDPPH, hydroxyl radical scavenging, and iron chelating abilityPhull et al., 2017

 

Table 2. Anticancer properties reported from edible Korean brown seaweeds
 
SeaweedActive compound/fractionCell line and effectReference
H. fusiformisEthanolic extractInduce apoptosis via upregulating Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand.
*AGS human gastric adenocarcinoma cells		Kim et al., 2009
Ethanolic extractInhibit matrix metalloproteinase and tumour invasiveness and metastasis-related genes in Hep3B human hepatocarcinoma cellsKim and Choi, 2010
Ethanolic extractpre-neoplastic lesions progression in the colonSon et al., 2018
Ethanolic extractApoptosis cell death in human leukaemia U937 cellsKang et al., 2011
5-Hydroxy-3,6,7,8,3′,4′-hexamethoxyflavoneInduction of expression death receptor-associated apoptosis mediators
*AGS and DR4 cancer cells		Kim et al., 2012
L. japonicaCrude polysaccharidesApoptotic cell death. Cervical carcinoma cells (HeLa and U14)Zhai et al., 2014)
Crude polysaccharidesInhibitory effect on tumor growth (nasopharyngeal cancer cell transplanted BALB/C nude mouse)Zeng et al., 201
Water soluble polysaccharideInduced the expression levels of interleukin-2 (IL-2), TNF-α and inhibited the expression of vascular endothelial growth factorZhu et al., 2016
FucoxanthinUp-regulated expression of p53, p21waf1/cip1, PUMA, and FAS and the down-regulated expression of Bcl-2 in lung cancer cells including A549, H460, SPC-A1, and H1299Mei et al., 2017
E. cavaFucoidansInhibited the colony formation of skin melanoma cell (SK-MEL-28) and the colon cancer cells (DLD-1)Ermakova et al., 2011
U. pinnatifidaFucoidansInduce apoptosis in cancer cells including HeLa, PC-3, A549, and HepG2.Synytsya et al., 2010

 

Table 3. Anti-inflammatory and immune-modulatory properties reported from edible Korean brown seaweeds
 
SeaweedActive compound/fractionEffectReference
L. japonicaCelluclast enzyme assisted extractNitric oxide (NO) inhibitory properties on LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cellsSevevirathne et al., 2012
Boiling water extractsInhibitory effect on PMA induced inflammation in mouse modelCho et al., 2007
Purified sulphated polysacharideInduced activation of NF-κB and MAPK signal pathwaysZha et al., 2015
Homogeneous polysaccharide (2.24 × 106 Da)Induced activation of NF-κB and MAPK signal pathwaysFang et al., 2015
H. fusiformeMethanolic extractSuppressive effect on TNF-α production in LPS-stimulated BV-2 cellsJung et al., 2007
70% ethanolic extractInhibit TNF-α and IL-6 production in LPS-induced BV-2 cellsLee and Kang, 2015
5-Hydroxy-3,6,7,8,3′4′-hexamethoxyflavoneSuppress NF- κB associated proteins in LPS-induced BV-2 cellsKang et al., 2013
Fucosterol rich extractInduced production of NO, PGE2, and TNF-α from macrophage cellsPark et al., 2017
Crude polysaccharidesinduced the production of NO, iNOS, and inflammation related cytokine production from macrophage cellsJeong et al., 2015
S. fulvellumHexane fractionInhibitory effect on NF-κB associated signal molecule expressionGwon et al., 2013
E. cavaEthanolic extractsSuppressor of cytokine signallingKim et al., 2008
PhlorotanninsInhibits histamine release on human basophilic leukamia (KU812) and rat basophilic leukamia (RBL-2H3)Le et al., 2009
U. pinnatifidaBoiling water extractsInhibitory effect on PMA induced inflammation in mouse modelCho et al., 2007
Methanol extractProtective effect against mouse ear edema induced by PMAKhan et al., 2009
Supercritical fluid extractsPMA induced ear edema, erythema, and blood flow in mouse modelda Silva et al., 2016
FucoidanIL-1β-induced COX-2 expression in rabbit articular chondrocytesPhull et al., 2017